Blockchain is a disruptive, decentralized, replicable, distributed ledger technology with the potential to change the conventional business landscape in banking and finance. This study consists of a bibliometric review and a content analysis of the academic literature dealing with the antecedents, the applications, and the consequences of the adoption of blockchain-based technologies in these highly interconnected industries. With a final sample of 154 papers published between 2009 and 2021, we map their influential aspects, in terms of trending topic, authors and target journals. We then provide a bibliographic analysis, which consists of co-authorship, cartographic, co-citation and coupling analyses. Finally, we identify the main literature streams and the future research agenda, which may serve as a valid starting point for future research in the field for both scholars and practitioners.